An air‑source heat pump water heater (“HPWH”) (or the “emerging technology”) uses a reversed “Carnot” refrigeration cycle to heat potable water stored in a tank and may incorporate an electric resistance element as a supplemental heat source. During operation, the unit expels cool air, which can...

Central heat pump water heaters (“CHPWH”) are now an ongoing offering of utility efficiency programs such as “WatterSaver” and technology and equipment for clean heating (“TECH”). Furthermore, CHPWH systems now have a prescriptive path for compliance in “Title 24”. However, there are still few...

Power Drive Systems (PDSs) consisting of motors and variable frequency drives (VFDs) are used for many applications, including for powering heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) equipment components, such as fans and pumps. Many of these end-use products are sold by component...

This project demonstrates economical retrofit strategies (the emerging technology (“ET”)) to improve energy efficiency in small-scale edge datacenters. These edge data centers usually have a limited cooling capability relying on a less efficient building heating, ventilation, air conditioning...

California has over 6,500 food and beverage manufacturing plants.  Most of these facilities use natural gas to heat relatively low-temperature hot water for cooking and cleaning requirements. Electrically powered industrial heat pumps (“IHP(s)”) can replace these hot water boilers with large energy...

This project will address barriers to heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (“HVAC”) electrification in non-residential buildings using rooftop units for space heating and cooling. TRC Engineers Inc. and Energy Resources Integration (“ERI”) (collectively referred to herein as the “Project...

The project will evaluate the performance of heat recovery chillers (“HRCs”) paired with exhaust air coils in high-ventilation-rate commercial buildings, where the technology is especially well-suited to balance simultaneous heating and cooling loads. The evaluation will include an enhanced field...

The project proposes to develop new measure package inputs for air-to-water heat pumps (“AWHPs”) and/or heat recovery chillers as electrified successor technologies to conventional boiler and chiller systems in large commercial buildings. Building on prior market research and modeling efforts, this...

Major building envelope and duct leakage issues can occur during manufactured home production, transport, or setup; these leakage issues frequently will increase energy usage significantly and are a long-term barrier to efficient building electrification. Identifying and fixing building envelope...

The objective of this project is to support the development of a new central heat pump water heater (“HPWH”) measure package, to enable central HPWH projects where the baseline water heating system is electric (including electric resistance storage) or code minimum electric and HPWH baselines in...